Pneumatic components are components that do work through the force of gas pressure or expansion, that is, components that convert the elastic energy of compressed air into kinetic energy. Such as cylinders, pneumatic motors, steam engines, etc. Pneumatic components are a form of power transmission and also an energy conversion device, which uses gas pressure to transfer energy.
Advantages of using pneumatic components:
- The pneumatic device has a simple structure, light weight, and simple installation and maintenance. The medium is air, which is less combustible than hydraulic medium, so it is safe to use.
- The working medium is inexhaustible air, and the air itself does not cost money. The exhaust gas treatment is simple, does not pollute the environment, and has low cost.
- The adjustment of output force and working speed is very easy. The movement speed of the cylinder is generally less than 1M/S, which is faster than the movement speed of hydraulic and electrical methods.
- High reliability and long service life. The effective number of actions of electrical components is about one million times, while the lifespan of general solenoid valves is more than 30 million times, and some valves with good quality exceed 200 million times.
- Using the compressibility of air, it can store energy and realize centralized air supply. It can release energy in a short time to obtain high-speed response in intermittent exercise. Can be buffered.
- Full pneumatic control has the ability of fireproof, explosion-proof and moisture-proof. Compared with the hydraulic method, the pneumatic method can be used in high temperature situations.
- Compressed air can be supplied centrally and transported over long distances.
The corresponding disadvantages of pneumatic components:
- Due to the compressibility of air, the movement speed of the cylinder is susceptible to changes in load. Using gas-liquid linkage can overcome this shortcoming.
- When the cylinder is moving at low speed, the low-speed stability of the cylinder is not as good as that of the hydraulic cylinder because the friction force accounts for a large proportion of the thrust.
- Although in many applications, the output force of the cylinder can meet the working requirements, but its output force is smaller than that of the hydraulic cylinder.
Pneumatic technology is a professional technology that uses compressed air as a medium to drive and control machinery. Because it has the advantages of energy saving, pollution-free, high efficiency, low cost, safety and reliability, simple structure, etc., it is widely used in various machinery and production lines. In the past, the pneumatic systems and their components on the production lines of automobiles and tractors were all designed, manufactured and maintained by various factories.
If a set of pneumatic equipment is not properly maintained, it will reduce the life of the equipment. If it is serious, it will cause safety hazards caused by failure. It is also very important to maintain a set of pneumatic equipment.
Pneumatic component equipment maintenance method:
- Ensure the correct substitute air supply system: the inlet pressure at the tool inlet (not the outlet pressure of the air compressor) is generally 90PSIG (6.2Kg/cm^2), too high or too low will damage the performance of the tool and life. The air intake must contain sufficient lubricating oil so that the pneumatic motor in the tool can be fully lubricated (a piece of white paper can be placed on the exhaust of the tool to check whether there is oil stains. Normally, there is oil stains). The intake air must be completely free of moisture. It is not appropriate if the compressed air is not supplied with an air dryer.
- Do not arbitrarily remove the parts of the tool and then operate it, except that it will affect the safety of the operator and cause the tool to be damaged.
- If the tool is slightly faulty or cannot reach the original function after use, it can no longer be used, and it must be checked immediately.
- When using various tools, be sure to follow various safety regulations and instructions for operation.
- Use appropriate tools to work. Oversized tools can easily cause work injuries, and too small tools can easily cause damage to the tools.
- Regularly (approximately once a week) check and maintain tools, add butter to rotating parts such as bearings, and add oil to air motor parts.